Which type of bacteria is involved in the biodegradation of organic matter?

Aerobic bacteria are primarily responsible for the biodegradation of organic matter in the presence of oxygen. These bacteria utilize organic compounds as their energy source and convert them into simpler substances while releasing carbon dioxide and water. This process is crucial in various environments, such as soil and wastewater treatment facilities, where organic waste needs to be broken down efficiently.

While facultative bacteria also contribute to biodegradation, they can survive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, making them versatile in different environments. However, aerobic bacteria are specifically optimized for aerobic processes, which are typically more effective for rapid decomposition of organic materials.

Anaerobic bacteria, on the other hand, function without oxygen and are more commonly involved in processes like fermentation and methanogenesis, which occur in environments lacking oxygen. They play a vital role in breaking down organic matter under those conditions, but aerobic bacteria generally facilitate faster decomposition when oxygen is present.

Pathogenic bacteria are unrelated to biodegradation and are associated with causing diseases rather than breaking down organic matter. Therefore, aerobic bacteria represent the most relevant type for the process described in the question.