What makes sodium hypochlorite unstable?

Sodium hypochlorite is characterized by its tendency to degrade quickly over time, which is primarily due to its chemical structure and the presence of oxidizing agents. Over time, especially when exposed to light, heat, or certain contaminants, sodium hypochlorite can break down into various byproducts, including chlorine gas and sodium chloride. This decomposition can significantly reduce its effectiveness as a disinfectant or sanitizer, making it crucial to store and handle it properly to maintain its stability.

The other options do not adequately capture the primary reason for the instability of sodium hypochlorite. While it may produce gas when heated or react with certain metals, these factors are not the main concerns regarding its stability in storage and use. Additionally, sodium hypochlorite has a low boiling point, but this aspect does not directly relate to its overall stability or its degradation process over time.