What is the effect of high total dissolved solids (TDS) in water?

High total dissolved solids (TDS) in water can significantly impact water quality and its taste. TDS refers to the concentration of soluble substances in water, including minerals, salts, and organic matter. When TDS levels are elevated, they can lead to an unpleasant taste, often described as salty or metallic, which can make the water less desirable for drinking or cooking.

Additionally, high TDS levels can indicate the presence of pollutants or contaminants that may adversely affect the safety of the water. For instance, elevated levels of certain ions may result from agricultural runoff, urban runoff, or industrial discharge, which could pose health risks. Therefore, while some minerals can enhance flavor to a certain degree, excessive TDS is more likely to detract from water quality and affect its taste negatively.

The other options imply either a positive or neutral effect of high TDS, which does not align with the potential risks associated with elevated levels in terms of taste and safety.