What is a solute?

A solute is defined as a substance that is dissolved into another substance, typically a solvent, to form a solution. In this context, the solute is the component that is present in a smaller amount compared to the solvent. When a solute is added to a solvent, it can change the properties of the solvent, such as its boiling point, freezing point, and conductivity.

This concept is foundational in chemistry and environmental science, as it is essential for understanding various processes, including how pollutants disperse in water, the behavior of nutrients in aquatic systems, and the dynamics of chemical reactions in solutions. Being able to identify what a solute is, helps water quality analysts assess the concentration of various substances in water, leading to informed decisions about treatment and prevention of contamination.