How does poor water quality influence biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems?

Poor water quality significantly impacts biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems primarily through habitat degradation and the loss of species. When water becomes polluted or exhibits unfavorable characteristics (such as high turbidity, toxic chemicals, low oxygen levels, or excessive nutrient loading), it can create adverse environments that are unsuitable for many aquatic organisms.

For instance, pollutants can lead to the deterioration of essential habitats like coral reefs, wetlands, or riverbeds, which serve as breeding grounds and nurseries for various species. When these habitats are compromised, the organisms that depend on them for food, shelter, and reproduction are affected, leading to a decline in their populations. Additionally, sensitive species that cannot tolerate degraded conditions may become extinct or be displaced, reducing overall biodiversity.

In the context of invasive species, while poor water quality can sometimes create conditions that allow these species to thrive, the overall impact on ecosystems tends to be detrimental. Each native species loss can have cascading effects through the food web, further diminishing biodiversity.

Thus, the direct relationship between poor water quality and habitat degradation is fundamental in understanding the broader implications for biodiversity within aquatic ecosystems.